Problems from Newton's method

Development:

1) We are going to interpolate the function from the given information and later we will find an approximation for $$\sqrt[3]{e}$$. We write the table:

$$0.0$$	$$1.0000$$
		$$\dfrac{1.2214-1.0000}{0.2-0.0}=\dfrac{0.2214}{0.2}=1.107$$
$$0.2$$	$$1.2214$$		$$\dfrac{1.352-1.107}{0.4-0.0}=\dfrac{0.245}{0.4}=0.6125$$
		$$\dfrac{1.4918-1.2214}{0.4-0.2}=\dfrac{0.2704}{0.2}=1.352$$
$$0.4$$	$$1.4918$$

Thus the interpolating polynomial is

$$ \begin{array}{rl} P_2(x)=& 1.000+1.107\cdot(x-0)+0.6125\cdot(x-0)\cdot(x-0.2) \\ =& 1.000+1.107x-0.1225x+0.6125x^2\\ =& 1.000+0.9845x+0.6125x^2 \end{array}$$

Then, $$\sqrt[3]{e}=e^{\frac{1}{3}}\approx P_2\Big( \dfrac{1}{3}\Big) = 1+0.9845\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}+0.6125\cdot\dfrac{1}{9}=1.3962$$

2) Since we already know the calculation that we have done is an approximation, we are going to try to give a bound for the error. To do so, we will have to know the third derivative of the function and a bound for its module knowing that $$x\in(0,0.4)$$:

$$$f^{(3)}(x)=e^x \Rightarrow |f^{(3)}(x)|\leqslant e^{0.4} $$$

since the function is increasing. Therefore:

$$$ \begin{array}{rl} |\text{error}|=& \Big| f\Big( \dfrac{1}{3} \Big) - P_2 \Big( \dfrac{1}{3} \Big) \Big| = \Big| \dfrac{f^{(3)}(\xi(x))}{3!}\cdot\Big( \dfrac{1}{3}-0\Big)\cdot \Big( \dfrac{1}{3}-0.2\Big)\cdot\Big( \dfrac{1}{3}-0.4\Big) \Big| \\ \leqslant & \Big| \dfrac{e^{0.4}}{3!}\cdot \dfrac{1}{3} \cdot \cdot \Big( \dfrac{1}{3}-0.2\Big)\cdot\Big( \dfrac{1}{3}-0.4\Big) \Big| = 0.36\cdot 10^{-4} \end{array} $$$

3) Bearing in mind that we have calculated the interpolating polynomial using Newton's method, when adding another point we will use the calculations we already did. We add a new line with the new point in the previous table:

With the new calculations. Now, the interpolating polynomial (now of degree $$3$$) is:

$$ \begin{array}{rl} P_3(x)=& 1+1.107\cdot(x-0)+0.6125\cdot(x-0)\cdot(x-0.2)\\ & +0.22708\cdot(x-0)\cdot(x-0.2)\cdot(x-0.4)\\ =& 1+1.107x-0.1225x+0.6125x^2+0.22708x^3\\ &-0.0908x^2-0.0454x^2+0.0182x\\ =& 1+1.0027x+0.4853x^2 +0.2271x^3 \end{array}$$

So, the value of $$\sqrt[3]{e}$$ will be: $$$\sqrt[3]{e}=e^{\frac{1}{3}}\approx P_3\Big( \dfrac{1}{3}\Big) = 1+1.0027\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}+0.4853\cdot\dfrac{1}{9}+0.2271\dfrac{1}{27}=1.3967$$$

Solution:

1. $$1.3962$$
2. $$7.36\cdot 10^{-4}$$
3. $$1.3967$$

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